Working principle and structural analysis of jaw crusher

Jaw crusher is a commonly used crushing equipment, widely used in industries such as mining, metallurgy, building materials, highways, railways, and water conservancy. This article will provide a detailed analysis of its working principle and structure.
1、 Working principle:
The jaw crusher mainly crushes materials through the friction and crushing action of the jaw plate. The material enters the crushing chamber through the feeding port. Due to the continuous movement of the jaw plate, the material is compressed, rubbed, and cut, ultimately being crushed into the required particle size. The movement mode between the moving and stationary jaw plates is the key to the operation of the jaw crusher.
The movable jaw plate is fixed on its axis and driven by an eccentric wheel on the eccentric shaft, causing it to move back and forth along a predetermined trajectory. When the moving jaw plate moves upwards, the static jaw plate that matches it will also move upwards, compressing the material; When the jaw plate moves downwards, the material is released, achieving a crushing effect. Meanwhile, during the crushing process, the materials in the crushing chamber can also be discharged through the discharge port below the crushing chamber.
2、 Structural analysis:
The jaw crusher mainly consists of a frame, a moving jaw plate, a static jaw plate, an adjustment device, an adjustment seat, hydraulic equipment, transmission equipment, etc.
1. Rack: The rack is the supporting structure of the crusher, which bears the weight of the entire equipment. Its structure is generally welded and can withstand significant impact and vibration forces.
2. Jaw plate: The jaw plate is a key component of a jaw crusher, consisting of a moving jaw plate and a stationary jaw plate. The moving jaw plate is driven by an eccentric wheel to achieve reciprocating motion, while the stationary jaw plate is fixed on the frame.
3. Adjustment device: The adjustment device is mainly used to adjust the size of the discharge port of the crushing chamber to control the particle size of the crushed material. It is generally achieved by adjusting gaskets, adjusting seats, and other methods.
4. Adjusting the seat: Adjusting the seat is used to adjust the gap between the discharge ports of the crusher to meet the crushing requirements of different materials. By adjusting the screw adjustment device of the seat, precise adjustment of the discharge port can be achieved.
5. Hydraulic equipment: Hydraulic equipment is mainly used to control the movement of the jaw plate, achieving smooth and reliable movement through hydraulic cylinders and hydraulic motors.
6. Transmission equipment: Transmission equipment generally consists of motors, pulleys, belts, etc., used to drive the movement of the jaw plate.
In addition to the main components mentioned above, the jaw crusher is also equipped with auxiliary devices such as an iron cleaner and overload protection device to prevent metal from entering the crushing chamber, in order to improve the safety and reliability of the equipment.
In summary, the jaw crusher has been widely used in industries such as mining and building materials due to its superior working principle and structure. Understanding its working principle and structure helps to better use and maintain equipment, and improve production efficiency.